YUQORI NAFAS YO‘LLARI KASALLIKLARI BILAN OG‘RIGAN O‘SMIR QIZLARDA YALLIG‘LANISH OMILLARINING MARKAZIY ASAB TIZIMI VA GORMONAL FONGA TA’SIRI
Keywords:
o‘smir qizlar, yuqori nafas yo‘llari kasalliklari, surunkali tonzillit,faringit,rinosinusit, yallig‘lanish omillari, sitokinlar, IL-1β, IL-6, TNF-α, CRP, markaziy asab tizimi, gipotalamus, bachadon,tuxumdon,GnRH, kisspeptin, FSH, LH, estradiol, progesteron, hayz sikli.Abstract
10-18 yosh oralig`i ya`ni o`smirlik davri gipotalamo-gipofizar-tuxumdon tizimining funksional yetilishi bilan kechib boradigan muhim biologik davr hisoblanadi. Ushbu vaqt oralig`ida qayta-qayta infeksion-yallig‘lanish bilan kechadigan kasalliklar, ya`ni, yuqori nafas yo‘llari kasalliklari:surunkali tonzillit,faringit,rinosinusit,gaymorit va shu kabi kasalliklar organizmning immun, asab va endokrin tizimlari o‘rtasidagi aloqalarga ta’sir ko‘rsatadi.. Yallig‘lanish jarayoni boshlanganda interleykin-1β (IL-1β), interleykin-6 (IL-6), o‘sma nekrozi omili-α (TNF-α) va C-reaktiv oqsil (CRP) kabi mediatorlarning faollashuvi kuzatiladi bu esa markaziy asab tizimi, gipotalamo-gipofizar-buyrak usti bezi va gipotalamo-gipofizar-tuxumdon o‘qlarining fiziologik faoliyatiga ta`sir qiladi.Oxirgi yillarda to`plangan ma’lumotlarga ko‘ra, yallig‘lanish omillari GnRH neyronlari hamda ularni boshqaruvchi kisspeptin tizimining faoliyatini o‘zgartirib, gonadotropinlar sekretsiyasi va reproduktiv tizim rivojlanishining va funksiyaning buzilishiga olib keladi.
Quyidagi maqolada yuqori nafas yo‘llari kasalliklari bilan og‘rigan o‘smir qizlarda yallig‘lanish mediatorlarining markaziy asab tizimiga ta’siri, stress tizimining faollashuvi, GnRH–FSH/LH mexanizmlarining o‘zgarishi hamda tuxumdon steroidogeneziga ta’siri tahlil qilindi. Shuningdek, yallig‘lanish faktorlari, gormonal fon va hayz sikli buzilishlari o‘rtasidagi patogenetik bog‘liqlikni o‘rganish istiqbollari ko‘rsatildi.
References
Hobbs AK, Cheng HL, Tee EYF, Steinbeck KS. Menstrual Dysfunction in Adolescents with Chronic Illness: A Systematic Review. J Pediatr Adolesc Gynecol. 2023;36(4):338–348. doi:10.1016/j.jpag.2023.05.005.
Della Torre S, et al. Effect of Inflammation on Female Gonadotropin-Releasing Hormone (GnRH) Neurons: Mechanisms and Consequences. Front Neuroendocrinol. 2020.
Wang L, et al. The impact of inflammatory stress on hypothalamic kisspeptin neurons: Mechanisms underlying inflammation-associated infertility in humans and domestic animals. 2023.
Abbara A, Clarke SA, Dhillo WS. Clinical Potential of Kisspeptin in Reproductive Health. Trends Mol Med. 2021;27(8):807–823. doi:10.1016/j.molmed.2021.05.008.
Bo W, et al. Neuroendocrine mechanisms of stress-induced KNDy-GnRH pulse generator suppression: Linking HPA-axis activation to female reproductive dysfunction. Front Neuroendocrinol. 2026. doi:10.1016/j.yfrne.2026.101270.
Xu D, Zhao X, Chen W, Liu Y, Wang C. Reproduction under Siege: How Chronic Stress Hijacks the HPG Axis? Neuroendocrinology. 2026. doi:10.1159/000553429.
Merino PM, Martínez D, Iñiguez G, et al. Elevation of C-reactive protein during the luteal phase in healthy adolescents. Gynecol Endocrinol. 2015;31(4):260–263. doi:10.3109/09513590.2014.982086.
Menstrual problems in adolescence: relationship to serum vitamins A and E, and systemic inflammation. J Pediatr Adolesc Gynecol. 2020.
Systemic inflammation and menstrual cycle length in a prospective cohort study. Am J Obstet Gynecol. 2023. doi:10.1016/j.ajog.2022.10.008.
Sun BZ, et al. Healthy Post-Menarchal Adolescent Girls Demonstrate Multi-Level Reproductive Axis Immaturity. J Clin Endocrinol Metab. 2019.
The Role of Cytokines in the Development and Functioning of the Hypothalamic-Pituitary-Gonadal Axis in Mammals in Normal and Pathological Conditions. Int J Mol Sci. 2025;26(22):11057. doi:10.3390/ijms262211057.
Delli V, Silva MSB, Prévot V, Chachlaki K. The KiNG of reproduction: Kisspeptin/nNOS interactions shaping hypothalamic GnRH release. Mol Cell Endocrinol. 2021;532:111302. doi:10.1016/j.mce.2021.111302.
Hypothalamic reproductive neurons communicate through signal transduction to control reproduction. Mol Cell Endocrinol. 2020;518:110971. doi:10.1016/j.mce.2020.110971.
Role of Kisspeptin in Female Reproduction. Int J Endocrinol Metab. 2017. doi:10.5812/ijem.44337.
Regulation of the HPA axis by cytokines. Endocr Rev. Classic review describing IL-1, IL-6 and TNF-α interactions with the HPA axis.