O‘zbekistonda Uchinchi Renessans va innovatsion jarayonlar jurnali
ISSN (onlayn): 3093-XXXX Nashr soni: oyiga bir marta Bosh Muharrir:D.Sharapova Til: Ingliz Tili, Rus tili, O'zbek tili Mamlakat: O'zbekiston
YETIM VA OTA-ONASIZ QOLGAN BOLALARNI IJTIMOIY HIMOYA QILISH MASALALARI
Mazkur maqolada yetim va ota-ona qaramog‘isiz qolgan bolalarni ijtimoiy himoya qilishning huquqiy, ijtimoiy va psixologik jihatlari hamda ularni oilaviy muhitda tarbiyalashning shaxs shakllanishidagi ahamiyati tahlil qilinadi.
MATEMATIKA FANINI O‘QITISHDA SUN’IY INTELLEKTDAN SAMARALI FOYDALANISH METODLARI
Ushbu maqolada matematika fanini o‘qitish jarayonida sun’iy intellekt (SI) texnologiyalaridan samarali foydalanishning nazariy va amaliy jihatlari tahlil qilinadi. Shuningdek, SI vositalarining ta’lim sifatini oshirishdagi roli, individual yondashuvni rivojlantirish imkoniyatlari hamda o‘qituvchining kasbiy kompetensiyasini kuchaytirishdagi ahamiyati yoritiladi. Maqolada zamonaviy metodlar, amaliy tavsiyalar va pedagogik yondashuvlar keltiriladi.
DEVELOPMENT DYNAMICS OF BUILDING ROOF LANDSCAPES IN GLOBAL AND UZBEK URBAN PLANNINGABSTRACT
This article examines the evolution of building roof landscapes in global and Uzbekistan urban planning. In the context of modern urbanization and climate change, enhancing the architectural and ecological potential of roof surfaces has become a pressing issue (Akbari & Matthews, 2020; Vijayaraghavan, 2021). The aim of the study is to analyze the development dynamics of roof landscapes, improve their typology, and develop practical recommendations for the cities of Uzbekistan. The research methods include comparative analysis, the graph-analytical method, case study, and design modeling. As a result, four main models of roof landscapes were identified, and their functional and compositional parameters were evaluated. By comparing with global experience (Köhler, 2018; Tan & Sia, 2019), the opportunities and limitations for implementing ecologically and socially effective roof landscapes under the conditions of Uzbekistan are demonstrated. The practical significance lies in proposing recommendations for urban planning regulations and design guidelines. For future research, it is recommended to investigate the monitoring system and energy efficiency of roof landscapes (Oberndorfer et al., 2020).
BOSHLANG‘ICH SINF O‘QUVCHILARINING O‘QUV MOTIVATSIYASINI OSHIRISH YO‘LLARI
Ushbu maqolada boshlang‘ich sinf o‘quvchilarining o‘quv motivatsiyasini shakllantirish, ta’lim jarayonini oshirishning nazariy hamda amaliy jihatlari keng va chuqur tahlil qilinadi. Zamonaviy ta’lim tizimida o‘quvchilarning bilim olishga bo‘lgan qiziqishini oshirish, dars jarayonida ularni faol, o‘z mustaqil fikrga ega ekanligini ko‘rsatish, o‘zini mustaqil shaxs sifatida shakllantirish muhim vazifalardan biri hisoblanadi. Shu bilan birga, ayniqsa boshlang‘ich ta’lim bosqichida o‘quvchilarning o‘quv motivatsiyasini rivojlantirish dolzarb pedagogik muammolardan biri sifatida qaraladi. Ya’ni o‘quvchilar hali darsga to‘liq moslashmagan, o‘yinga moyil, harakatlari barqaror emas, dars jarayonlariga to‘liq kirisha olmagan bo‘ladi. Maqolada o‘quv motivatsiyasining mazmun-mohiyati, uning ichki va tashqi turlari, shuningdek, boshlang‘ich sinf o‘quvchilarining yosh va psixologik xususiyatlari atroflicha yoritib berilgan. Bolalarga motivatsiya qanchalik ta’sir qilishi, ularning yoshi, qabul qilishi, turli xarakterga ega ekanligiga qarab motivatsiyani to‘g‘ri qo‘llash yo‘llari ham ko‘rib chiqilgan. O‘quvchilarning diqqati tez chalg‘ishi, tez zerikishi, tez charchashi, hissiyotga boyligi kabi jihatlar ularning motivatsiyasiga bevosita ta’sir ko‘rsatishi ilmiy asosda izohlangan. Shu bilan birga, o‘quv motivatsiyasining shakllanishida o‘qituvchi shaxsi, uning pedagogik mahorati, qobiliyati, darsni tashkil etish usuli, o‘quv muhitining ahamiyati yoritilgan. Hatto birgina so‘z ham o‘quvchi uchun motivatsiya bo‘la oladi. Tadqiqot davomida o‘quv motivatsiyasini oshirishning samarali usullari sifatida interfaol metodlardan foydalanish, o‘yin texnologiyalarini qo‘llash, harakatli o‘yinlardan foydalanish, o‘quvchilarni rag‘batlantirish, individual yondashuvni amalga oshirish hamda zamonaviy axborot-kommunikatsiya texnologiyalaridan foydalanish keng tahlil qilingan. Dars jarayonida yangi, zamonaviy texnologiyalardan foydalanish o‘qituvchining qobiliyatlari bilan bog‘liq. Ayniqsa, dars jarayonida o‘yin elementlarini qo‘llash orqali o‘quvchilarning faolligini oshirish, ularning bilimni o‘zlashtirish darajasini yaxshilash mumkinligi misollar asosida ko‘rsatib berilgan. Shuningdek, maqolada o‘quv motivatsiyasining ta’lim samaradorligiga ta’siri ham yoritilgan bo‘lib, motivatsiyaga ega o‘quvchilarning bilim olishga bo‘lgan qiziqishi yuqori bo‘lishi, ular mustaqil fikrlashi, faol ishtirok etishi va yuqori natijalarga erishishi asoslangan. Ota-ona va o‘qituvchi hamkorligining o‘quv motivatsiyasini shakllantirishdagi o‘rni ham alohida qayd etilgan. This article provides a broad and in-depth analysis of the theoretical and practical aspects of enhancing the educational process through the formation of learning motivation among primary school students. In the modern education system, increasing students’ interest in learning, encouraging their active participation in lessons, and helping them express independent thinking and develop as self-reliant individuals are considered important tasks. Particular attention is given to the fact that, especially at the primary education stage, the development of students’ learning motivation is regarded as one of the most pressing pedagogical issues. At this stage, students are often not fully adapted to the learning process; they tend to be more inclined toward play, their behavior is not yet stable, and they may struggle to fully engage in structured classroom activities. The article thoroughly explains the essence and content of learning motivation, including its internal and external types, as well as the age-related and psychological characteristics of primary school students. It also examines how motivation affects children depending on their age, perception, and diverse personalities, and discusses ways to apply motivation effectively. Scientific explanations are provided regarding how factors such as short attention span, quick boredom, fatigue, and emotional sensitivity directly influence students’ motivation. In addition, the role of the teacher’s personality, pedagogical skills, abilities, lesson organization methods, and the overall learning environment in shaping students’ motivation is highlighted. Even a single word from a teacher can serve as a strong source of motivation for a student. The study analyzes effective methods for increasing learning motivation, including the use of interactive teaching methods, game-based technologies, movement-based activities, student encouragement, individualized approaches, and modern information and communication technologies. It is emphasized that the use of innovative and modern technologies in lessons is closely related to the teacher’s competence. In particular, the article demonstrates through examples that incorporating game elements into lessons can increase student engagement and improve their level of knowledge acquisition. Furthermore, the impact of learning motivation on educational effectiveness is discussed, showing that motivated students tend to have a higher interest in learning, think independently, participate actively, and achieve better results. The importance of collaboration between parents and teachers in developing students’ motivation is also highlighted. In conclusion, it is noted that enhancing the learning motivation of primary school students is one of the key factors in improving the quality of education. Organizing the educational process based on modern pedagogical approaches and understanding students’ psychological characteristics play a crucial role. Students’ interest in the learning process, positive attitude toward lessons, and active participation are essential components of educational success. Taking into account students’ individual characteristics and continuously encouraging them can lead to high effectiveness in education.
IQTISODIYOT VA BOSHQARUVNI UYG'UNLASHTIRISH: RAQAMLI TRANSFORMATSIYA SHAROITIDA STRATEGIK BOSHQARUV SAMARADORLIGINI OSHIRISH (O'ZBEKISTON RESPUBLIKASI MISOLIDA)
Ushbu maqolada iqtisodiyot va boshqaruv sohalari o'rtasidagi uyg'unlik masalasi ilmiy-nazariy va amaliy jihatdan tadqiq etilgan. Raqamli transformatsiya sharoitida strategik boshqaruv samaradorligini oshirishning asosiy yo'nalishlari, omillari va mexanizmlari o'rganilgan. Maqolada O'zbekiston iqtisodiyotining hozirgi holati tahlil qilinib, korxonalar va davlat boshqaruv organlari faoliyatida iqtisodiy va boshqaruv yondashuvlarining integratsiyasi bo'yicha amaliy tavsiyalar ishlab chiqilgan. Tadqiqot natijalari korxonalarda samarali boshqaruv tizimini joriy etish, inson kapitalini rivojlantirish va raqobatbardoshlikni oshirish uchun muhim asoslar sifatida xizmat qilishi mumkin.
AJRIMDAN KEYINGI OILAVIY MUHITNING BOLANING RUHIY HOLATIGA TA’SIRI
Ushbu maqola ajrimdan keyingi oilaviy muhitning bolaning ruhiy holatiga ta’sirini, ayniqsa, interparental nizolar va bolaning tashlab ketilishidan qo’rqishi kabi asosiy omillarni chuqur tahlil qiladi. Global oilaviy beqarorlik kontekstida, ajralish bolalarda akademik qiyinchiliklar, xulq-atvor muammolari va depressiv holatlar kabi moslashish muammolari xavfini oshirishi ilmiy dalillar bilan ko’rsatilgan. Maqolada ajrimdan keyingi qisqa va uzoq muddatli ta’sirlar, oilaviy muhit omillari, masalan, ota-onalar mojarosi, hamkorlikda tarbiya qilish strategiyalari va yangi oilaviy tuzilmalarning roli ko’rib chiqiladi. Shuningdek, bolaning moslashuvchanligini qo’llab-quvvatlovchi omillar, psixologik yordam va intervensiyalar ham muhokama qilinadi. Tadqiqotlar shuni ko’rsatadiki, ajralishdan keyingi yuqori darajadagi nizo bolalarda tashlab ketilish qo’rquvini kuchaytirib, ularning ruhiy salomatligi bilan bog’liq muammolarni keltirib chiqaradi. Xulosa qilib aytganda, maqola profilaktika, qo’llab-quvvatlash va kelajakdagi tadqiqotlar uchun tavsiyalar beradi, bolalarning farovonligini ta’minlashda ota-onalar va mutaxassislarning rolini ta’kidlaydi.
THE INFLUENCE OF PARAMETRIC DESIGN PRINCIPLES ON THE FORMATION OF ARCHITECTURAL ENVIRONMENT OBJECTS
This study scientifically investigates the influence of parametric design principles on the formation of contemporary architectural environment objects — including public buildings, landscape complexes and interior spaces. The main research objective is to determine how the spatial-compositional, ergonomic and functional qualities of an object change when algorithmic and generative approaches are applied. Comparative analysis, grapho-analytical method, case study and design modelling were used as the research methodology. Five major international projects were analysed and three core principles of parametric design were identified: environmental responsiveness, ergonomic adaptation and compositional dynamism. Results show that the parametric approach improves user comfort indicators by an average of 34–41% and energy efficiency by 20–30% compared to conventional design methods. As a scientific contribution, a six-principle parametric architecture concept adapted to Uzbekistan's climatic conditions is proposed. The findings are of significant importance for master's and doctoral-level architectural research and design practice.
ONA TILI DARSLARIDA OʻQUVCHILARNING NUTQIY KOMPETENSIYALARINI RIVOJLANTIRISH
Mazkur maqolada o’zbek tilshunosligi uchun dolzarb masalardan biri atrofida fikr yuritiladi Nutq madaniyati o‘zbek tilshunosligini o‘ziga xos amaliy sohasi ekanligi, o‘zbek tiliga davlat tili maqomining berilishi Respublikamizda davlat ishlarining, o‘qish- o‘qitish, ta’lim- tarbiya, targ‘ibot- tashviqot ishlarining o‘zbek tilida olib borilishi, nuqt madaniyatining shakllanishi va rivojlanishida adabiyot, san’at, radio, televideniya va davriy matbuotning ahamiyati hamda O‘zbek tili qadim tarixiga va o‘zining betakror yozma an'analariga ega bo‘lgan nufuzli tillardan biri haqida ma’lumot berilgan
KIBERXAVFSIZLIKNI TA’MINLASHDA ZAMONAVIY YONDASHUVLAR VA TEXNOLOGIYALAR
Ushbu maqola asosiy va birlamchi kiberxavfsizlik tushunchalari, kiberjinoyatchilik nima ekanligi, axborot va uning xavfsizligi, axborotning tashqi hujumlardan himoya qilish usullari, axborot xavfsizligini ta`minlashda kriptografik usullarning ahamiyati, ushbu sohada O`zbekiston Respublikasi davlat siyosati, huquqiy asoslari haqida.
Mazkur ilmiy maqolada raqamli marketing vositalarining zamonaviy biznes faoliyatidagi o‘rni va samaradorligi tahlil qilinadi. Tadqiqotda internet texnologiyalari rivojlanishi natijasida marketing faoliyatining an’anaviy shakllardan raqamli platformalarga o‘tish jarayoni ko‘rib chiqiladi. Xususan, qidiruv tizimlari optimallashtirish (SEO), ijtimoiy tarmoqlar marketingi (SMM), kontent marketing, elektron pochta marketingi va onlayn reklama kabi asosiy raqamli marketing vositalarining korxonalar uchun ahamiyati ilmiy jihatdan yoritiladi.Tadqiqot davomida raqamli marketing vositalarining iste’molchilar bilan tezkor aloqa o‘rnatish, maqsadli auditoriyani aniqlash hamda marketing kampaniyalarining samaradorligini o‘lchash imkoniyatlari tahlil qilindi. Statistik ma’lumotlarga ko‘ra, global miqyosda internet foydalanuvchilari sonining ortib borishi raqamli marketingdan foydalanish darajasining ham oshishiga olib kelmoqda. Shu sababli korxonalar raqamli marketing strategiyalarini qo‘llash orqali bozor raqobatbardoshligini oshirmoqda. Maqolada raqamli marketing vositalaridan foydalanishning nazariy asoslari va amaliy ahamiyati yoritilib, ularning biznes samaradorligini oshirishdagi roli ilmiy jihatdan asoslab beriladi. Tadqiqot natijalari raqamli marketing vositalari zamonaviy marketing strategiyasining muhim tarkibiy qismi ekanligini ko‘rsatadi.
A SOCIOLINGUISTIC ANALYSIS OF LANGUAGE CHANGE AND USAGE IN UZBEK AND ENGLISH
This article examines the sociolinguistic aspects of language change and usage in Uzbek and English contexts. The study focuses on how social factors such as globalization, bilingualism, and cultural interaction influence linguistic development. Special attention is given to code-switching, borrowing, and the role of English as a global language. The findings suggest that both Uzbek and English languages are dynamically shaped by social environments, with increasing interaction leading to noticeable structural and lexical changes.
OLIY TA’LIMDA CHET TILLARINI O‘QITISHDA INKLYUZIV O‘QUV MUHITLARINI RIVOJLANTIRISH
Mazkur tezisda oliy ta’lim tizimida chet tillarini o‘qitishda inklyuziv yondashuvning ahamiyati, uning asosiy tamoyillari hamda samarali o‘quv muhitini yaratish yo‘llari tahlil qilinadi. Inklyuziv ta’lim barcha talabalarning, jumladan, turli ehtiyojlarga ega bo‘lgan shaxslarning teng imkoniyatlarda bilim olishini ta’minlashga qaratilgan. Tadqiqotda zamonaviy pedagogik metodlar, differensial yondashuv va raqamli texnologiyalarning roli yoritiladi. Shuningdek, o‘qituvchilarning kasbiy kompetensiyalarini rivojlantirish va inklyuziv muhitni shakllantirishdagi o‘rni muhim omil sifatida ko‘rsatib beriladi.
PIRLS METODIKASI ASOSIDA BOSHLANG‘ICH SINF O‘QUVCHILARINING KOGNITIV KO‘NIKMALARINI RIVOJLANTIRISH
Mazkur maqolada PIRLS metodikasining boshlang‘ich sinf o‘quvchilarida kognitiv ko‘nikmalarni rivojlantirishdagi ilmiy-pedagogik asoslari tahlil qilingan. Tadqiqotda PIRLS tipidagi topshiriqlar orqali o‘quvchilarning matnni anglash, tahlil qilish va baholash kabi yuqori darajadagi fikrlash ko‘nikmalarini shakllantirish imkoniyatlari asoslab berilgan. Shuningdek, interfaol va o‘quvchi markazli yondashuvlar orqali kognitiv faollikni oshirishning samarali mexanizmlari ko‘rsatib o‘tilgan. Natijalar PIRLS metodikasini tizimli qo‘llash o‘qish savodxonligini rivojlantirish va mustaqil fikrlovchi shaxsni shakllantirishda muhim pedagogik omil ekanini tasdiqlaydi.
BOSHLANG‘ICH SINF "O‘QISH SAVODXONLIGI" DARSLARIDA AN’ANAVIY VA INNOVATSION O‘QITISH METODLARINING QIYOSIY-PEDAGOGIK TAHLILI
Maqolada boshlang‘ich sinf o‘qish savodxonligi darslarida an’anaviy va innovatsion metodlarning qiyosiy tahlili yoritiladi. Innovatsion yondashuvlarning o‘quvchilarning kognitiv faolligi va mustaqil fikrlashini rivojlantirishdagi ustunligi asoslanadi. Ta’lim samaradorligini oshirishda ushbu metodlarni integratsiyalash zarurligi ilmiy xulosa sifatida taqdim etiladi.
STRATEGIK BOSHQARUVNING IQTISODIY RIVOJLANISHDAGI O‘RNI VA AHAMIYATI
Mazkur maqolada strategik boshqaruvning iqtisodiy rivojlanish jarayonlaridagi o‘rni va ahamiyati tizimli yondashuv asosida tahlil qilingan. Tadqiqotda strategik boshqaruvning iqtisodiy rivojlanishga ta’siri indikatorlar tizimi orqali baholangan bo‘lib, barqarorlik, moslashuvchanlik, raqobatbardoshlik va innovatsion rivojlanish asosiy ko‘rsatkichlar sifatida tanlab olingan. Amalga oshirilgan tahlillar strategik boshqaruvning ushbu indikatorlar orqali iqtisodiy tizimlarga kompleks ta’sir ko‘rsatishini tasdiqlaydi. Shuningdek, indikatorlar o‘rtasidagi o‘zaro uyg‘unlik iqtisodiy rivojlanish samaradorligini belgilovchi muhim omil sifatida asoslab berilgan. Tadqiqot natijalari strategik boshqaruvni takomillashtirish orqali iqtisodiy rivojlanishning barqarorligini ta’minlash imkoniyatlarini ko‘rsatadi.
MIYA SUYUQLIGI AYLANISHINING BUZILISHI VA UNING OQIBATLARI (GIDROSEFALIYA MISOLIDA)
Mazkur maqolada miya suyuqligi (likvor)ning normal aylanish jarayoni va uning buzilishiga olib keluvchi omillar ilmiy jihatdan tahlil qilinadi. Gidrosefaliya kasalligi misolida likvor dinamikasining izdan chiqishi, uning patogenez mexanizmlari, klinik belgilari hamda diagnostika usullari yoritib berilgan. Shuningdek, kasallikning tug‘ma va orttirilgan shakllari, ularning kelib chiqish sabablari hamda zamonaviy davolash yondashuvlari haqida ma’lumot beriladi.
HUMAN RESOURCE INFORMATION SYSTEM (HRIS) DEVELOPMENT TO OPTIMIZE HUMAN RESOURCE MANAGEMENT IN HIGHER EDUCATION
Human resource management in higher education institutions using software applications can improve effectiveness and efficiency. Without the assistance of a Human Resource Information System (HRIS) application, operational management performance will not be optimal. Higher education institutions' HR data is decentralized, leading to the possibility of data redundancy. Furthermore, data processing and presentation are time-consuming. This research aims to develop an HR management application. The application will be implemented in higher education institutions, and the HRIS will be developed using a case study at Tashkent State University of Oriental Studies. With this application, it is hoped that HRIS will optimize operational management performance. The method used in this research is an applied method (action research). The system development approach uses prototyping. The design methods used are system design and detailed design, which include object design. The tool used to measure the implementation of the system being built is a questionnaire. The validity used in this research is content validity. The results of this study are presented descriptively, as follows: The system is very good (45%), with ease of use (65% stated it was very good and 35% stated it was good), 56% stated it was very good regarding the interface design, 72% stated it was good regarding the accuracy of the information provided in the system, 55% stated it was very good and 45% stated it was good regarding the language used in the application, and 32% stated it was very good regarding error handling, 68% stated it was good.
ZAMONAVIY JAMIYAT SHAROITIDA O‘SPIRINLAR DEVIANT XULQ-ATVORINING SHAKLLANISHIGA TA’SIR ETUVCHI IJTIMOIY OMILLAR
Mazkur maqolada zamonaviy jamiyat sharoitida o‘spirinlar orasida deviant xulq-atvorning shakllanishiga ta’sir etuvchi asosiy ijtimoiy omillar tahlil qilinadi. Xususan, oila muhiti, ta’lim tizimi, tengdoshlar guruhi, ommaviy axborot vositalari hamda internet tarmog‘ining o‘rni ilmiy jihatdan yoritilgan. Shuningdek, ijtimoiy-iqtisodiy sharoitlar, tarbiyaviy nazoratning sustligi va ijtimoiy qadriyatlarning o‘zgarishi kabi omillar o‘spirinlar xulq-atvoriga qanday ta’sir ko‘rsatishi ochib berilgan. Maqolada deviant xulq-atvorning oldini olish bo‘yicha profilaktik choralar hamda samarali ijtimoiy-pedagogik yondashuvlar yuzasidan tavsiyalar ishlab chiqilgan. Ushbu tadqiqot natijalari o‘spirinlar bilan ishlovchi pedagoglar, psixologlar hamda ota-onalar uchun amaliy ahamiyatga ega.
RAQAMLI IQTISODIYOT VA UNING ZAMONAVIY JAMIYATDAGI O’RNI
Raqamli iqtisodiyot zamonaviy jamiyat taraqqiyotining muhim yo‘nalishlaridan biri hisoblanadi. U iqtisodiy samaradorlikni oshirish, yangi ish o‘rinlarini yaratish va iqtisodiyotni diversifikatsiya qilishda muhim rol o‘ynaydi. Mazkur maqolada raqamli xizmatlardan foydalanish darajasi, biznesning raqamlashtirilganligi, pandemiya davrida raqamlashtirish jarayonlarining tezlashuvi hamda mavjud muammolar tahlil qilingan. Shuningdek, 5G texnologiyalarini joriy etishdagi qiyinchiliklar, aholining raqamli savodxonlik darajasi va kiberxavfsizlik masalalari ko‘rib chiqilgan.
TA'LIM LOYIHALARI SAMARADORLIGINI OSHIRISH YO`LLARI
Mazkur maqolada ta'lim loyihalari samaradorligini oshirishga qaratilgan tadqiqotlar asosida ishlab chiqilgan. Ishda ta'lim loyihalarining muvaffaqiyatli amalga oshirilishi uchun zarur bo'lgan omillar, resurslar va strategiyalar batafsil tahlil qilinadi. Muallif, ta'lim loyihalarining samaradorligini oshirish uchun innovatsion usullar, zamonaviy texnologiyalar va boshqaruv yondashuvlarini qo'llash zarurligini ta'kidlaydi.
OʻZBEK OʻQUVCHILARIDA INGLIZCHA RAVON GAPIRISHDAGI TOʻSIQLAR VA ULARNI BARTARAF ETISHNING SAMARALI USULLARI
Mazkur maqolada o‘zbek o‘quvchilarida ingliz tilida ravon gapirish ko‘nikmasini shakllantirish jarayonida yuzaga keladigan asosiy to‘siqlar va ularni bartaraf etishning samarali usullari tahlil qilinadi. Tadqiqotda til o‘rganishdagi psixologik (uyatchanlik, xatodan qo‘rqish), lingvistik (lug‘at boyligining yetishmasligi, grammatik xatolar), hamda metodik (an’anaviy o‘qitish usullarining ustunligi, amaliy mashg‘ulotlar yetishmasligi) omillar o‘rganilgan. Shuningdek, o‘quvchilarning nutq faoliyatini rivojlantirishda kommunikativ yondashuv, interaktiv metodlar, rol o‘yinlari, muhokama va debatlar kabi zamonaviy pedagogik texnologiyalarning ahamiyati asoslab berilgan. Maqolada ingliz tilida erkin va ravon gapirishni rivojlantirish uchun muhit yaratish, motivatsiyani oshirish, muntazam mashq qilish hamda texnologik vositalardan samarali foydalanish zarurligi ta’kidlanadi. Olingan natijalar shuni ko‘rsatadiki, kompleks yondashuv asosida tashkil etilgan ta’lim jarayoni o‘quvchilarning og‘zaki nutq kompetensiyasini sezilarli darajada oshirishga xizmat qiladi. Mazkur tadqiqot natijalari ingliz tilini o‘qitish metodikasini takomillashtirishda muhim ahamiyat kasb etadi.
ELEKTR ENERGIYASINING KELAJAKDAGI ISTIQBOLLARI
Elektr energiyasining kelajakdagi istiqbollari juda keng va bir nechta muhim yo‘nalishlarda rivojlanmoqda. Bu soha global iqtisodiyot, ekologiya va texnologik taraqqiyot bilan chambarchas bog‘liq.
FROM LIKES TO LEASES: THE EFFECT OF SOCIAL MEDIA INFLUENCER CREDUBIKITY ON ELECTRIC VEHICLE PURCHASE INTENTION
Influencer marketing has evolved into one of the most visible tools in contemporary digital communication, especially on platforms such as Instagram, TikTok, and YouTube. Despite its rapid growth, brands still face a practical challenge: identifying which influencer characteristics most strongly encourage consumers to move from attention to actual purchase intention. This article examines the impact of four key influencer characteristics - expertise, trustworthiness, attractiveness, and authenticity - on consumer purchase intention. The paper is developed using a quantitative research logic and is organized according to the requested academic structure, including an introduction, literature review, research methods, results and discussion, and conclusion. For demonstration purposes, the results section presents an illustrative survey dataset of 320 social media users who actively follow influencers and have previously encountered endorsed products online. The analysis shows that all four characteristics positively influence purchase intention, with trustworthiness and authenticity emerging as the strongest predictors. The findings suggest that consumers do not respond only to visual appeal; they also evaluate whether an influencer appears competent, honest, and consistent with their online identity. The article contributes to the growing discussion on influencer effectiveness by offering a clear research model, testable hypotheses, interpretable tables, and practical implications for brands, managers, and future researchers.
DIGITAL INTEGRATION OF NATIONAL ORNAMENTS FOR CLASSIC FURNITURE
This scientific article investigates the integration of geometric (girih) and floral (islimi) ornaments - integral parts of Uzbekistan's national architectural heritage - into modern classical furniture design through the lens of digital technologies. The relevance of the study is determined by the need to preserve national identity in the context of globalization and to adapt traditional art forms to industrial production (CAD/CAM, CNC, parametric design). The work analyzes patterns from the Topkapı scrolls and the architectural decoration of the Timurid period, developing a methodology for applying them to the tectonic and ergonomic structures of furniture products. New methods for the symbiosis of complex quasicrystalline grids with classical furniture forms using digital algorithms are proposed. As a result, the possibility of serial production of patterns with accuracy up to 0.01 mm using CNC technologies is substantiated. The study reveals not only the aesthetic but also the constructive and functional aspects of national ornaments.
MOTIVATSIYA INQIROZI VA YOLG'IZLIK FENOMENI:ZAMONAVIY JAMIYATNING OʻZARO BOGʻLIQ MUOMMOLARI
Ushbu maqolada zamonaviy jamiyatda keng tarqalib borayotgan motivatsiya inqirozi va yolg'izlik fenomeni psixologik hamda ijtimoiy jihatdan tahlil qilinadi.Muallif ushbu ikki muammoning oʻzaro bogʻliqligini ochib berib,ularning yuzaga kelish sabablari va inson ruhiyatiga taʼsirini yoritadi.Shuningdek, ijtimoiy tarmoqlar, globallashuv va zamonaviy turmush tarzining bu jarayonlarga koʻrsatadigan salbiy taʼsiri misollar asosida koʻrib chiqiladi.Maqolada motivatsiya pasayishi va yolgʻizlikning kuchayishi oʻrtasidagi bogʻliqlik ilmiy nuqtai nazardan asoslab beriladi, hamda mazkur muammolarni hal qilish boʻyicha amaliy tavsiyalar kiritiladi.
GANCH O‘YMAKORLIGI - NAFOSAT VA SABR SAN’ATI
O‘zbekiston xalq amaliy san’ati turlari orasida ganch o‘ymakorligi o‘zining nafisligi, jozibasi va asrlar o‘tsa-da o‘z qiymatini yo‘qotmasligi bilan alohida ajralib turadi. Ayniqsa, qadimiy va navqiron Buxoro me’morchiligida ganch san’atining o‘rni beqiyos. Bugungi kunda ushbu qadimiy hunarni yosh avlodga o‘rgatish, ularning qalbida milliy qadriyatlarga nisbatan hurmat uyg‘otish biz, pedagoglarning muhim vazifamizdir.
MILLIY HUNARMANDCHILIK - YOSH AVLOD NIGOHIDA
Bugungi kunda xalqimizning ko‘p asrlik boy madaniy merosi, xususan, milliy hunarmandchilik an’analarini qayta tiklash va ularni kelajak avlodga bezavol yetkazish davlat siyosatining ustuvor yo‘nalishlaridan biriga aylandi.
ISLOM VA BAG‘RIKENGLIKNING BOSHQA DINLAR BILAN MULOQOTDAGI ILMIY-NAZARIY ASOSLARI
Ushbu maqolada Islom dinining bag‘rikenglik tamoyillari va boshqa din vakillari bilan muloqot masalalari tahlil qilinadi. Islom ta’limotida din erkinligi, o‘zaro hurmat va tinchlik g‘oyalari asosiy o‘rin tutishi Qur’on oyatlari hamda tarixiy misollar asosida yoritilgan. Maqolada Payg‘ambar Muhammad (s.a.v.) faoliyati va ilk musulmon jamiyatidagi dinlararo munosabatlar misolida bag‘rikenglikning amaliy ko‘rinishlari ko‘rsatib berilgan. Bugungi zamonaviy globallashuv sharoitida dinlararo muloqotning jamiyat barqarorligi va taraqqiyotidagi o‘rni ochib berilgan.
INCREASING SPACE EFFICIENCY IN SMALL APARTMENTS THROUGH FURNITURE TRANSFORMATION
This article is dedicated to the optimization of small-scale apartment spaces through furniture transformation and innovative interior solutions within the context of rapid urban growth. The central problem of the research involves a topological and ergonomic analysis of how traditional furniture occupies nearly half of an apartment's usable area, often failing to meet the cultural, domestic, and familial needs of the population of Uzbekistan. Using modern graph-analytical methods - such as space syntax, visibility graph analysis , and justified plan graphs - the layouts of new multi-story residential buildings in Tashkent were analyzed in depth. The results indicate that implementing three-stage transforming furniture systems and flexible functional solutions can drastically increase visual and circulatory efficiency while allowing for the dynamic management of boundaries between private and social zones. Furthermore, the article details the potential for optimizing inter-room movement flows by integrating AI-based binary filtering technologies and fundamental human anthropometric data into the architectural design process. The findings provide practical and design recommendations for improving small-apartment architecture within current urban planning norms to create a comfortable living environment for the population.
TURAR-JOYLARNING ERGONOMIK VA FUNKSIONAL REJALASHTIRISH YECHIMLARINI TAKOMILLASHTIRISH
Ushbu ilmiy maqola zamonaviy ko‘p qavatli turar-joy binolari interyerining ergonomik va funksional rejalashtirish yechimlarini takomillashtirishga bag‘ishlangan. Tadqiqotda antropometrik, psixofiziologik va sotsiologik omillarning yashash muhitini shakllantirishdagi o‘rni tahlil qilingan. Metodologik asos sifatida qiyosiy tahlil, grafo-analitik usul, kейс-стади va loyihaviy modellashtirish qo‘llanilgan. Tadqiqot natijasida zamonaviy turar-joylarning funksional-joylashtirish tuzilmasidagi tipik kamchiliklar aniqlangan: yashash xonalarining yetarli darajada rayonlashtirilmaganligi, saqlash tizimlarining tangisligi, transformatsiyalanuvchi elementlarning cheklangan qo‘llanilishi. Muallif tomonidan ishlab chiqilgan ergonomik rejalashtirish modeli 12 ta mezon asosida baholangan va an’anaviy yechimlarga nisbatan 34% samaradorlikni ko‘rsatgan. Tadqiqotning amaliy ahamiyati shundaki, ishlab chiqilgan tavsiyalar arxitekturaviy-loyihaviy amaliyotga joriy etilishi mumkin. Ilmiy yangilik sifatida turar-joy muhitining ergonomik sifatini kompleks baholash metodikasi va transformatsiyalanuvchi elementlar tizimining tipologik klassifikatsiyasi taklif etilgan.
O‘ZBEK XALQ RAQSLARI BUGUN JAHON SAHNASIDA
Mazkur maqolada o‘zbek xalq raqslarining tarixiy ildizlari, ularning zamonaviy sahnadagi rivojlanishi va xalqaro madaniy maydondagi o‘rni tahlil qilinadi. Shuningdek, milliy raqs san’atining global festivallar, xalqaro sahna loyihalari va madaniy diplomatiya jarayonidagi ahamiyati yoritiladi.
ТРАДИЦИИ КЛАССИЦИЗМА И ЭЛЕМЕНТЫ НОВАТОРСТВА В КОМЕДИИ Д.И. ФОНВИЗИНА «НЕДОРОСЛЬ»
Статья посвящена анализу художественного своеобразия комедии Д.И. Фонвизина «Недоросль» в контексте русской литературы XVIII века. Рассматриваются основные признаки классицизма, реализованные в произведении, а также выявляются элементы новаторства, позволяющие говорить о переходном характере художественного мышления автора. Особое внимание уделяется системе персонажей, проблематике воспитания, языковым особенностям и социально-критической направленности пьесы. Делается вывод о том, что «Недоросль» сочетает канонические черты классицистической драмы с реалистическими тенденциями, предвосхищающими дальнейшее развитие русской литературы.
ARCHITECTURAL AND ERGONOMIC SOLUTIONS FOR THE APPLICATION OF FLORISTIC ELEMENTS IN PUBLIC BUILDINGS INTERIORS (ON THE EXAMPLE OF CAFES AND BARS)
This article examines the architectural, spatial, and ergonomic solutions of integrating floristic elements into the interiors of public buildings, particularly cafes and bars. In the context of modern urbanization, the growing demand for ecological and biophilic approaches in the HoReCa sector (hotels, restaurants, and cafes) determines the main direction of this research. Within the framework of the study, the influence of floristic compositions on functional zones, circulation flows, and the characteristics of human visual perception was analyzed using comparative analysis, the grafo - analytical method, case study, and design modeling methods. The results show that the placement of plants in interior spaces performs not only an aesthetic function but also important engineering and architectural roles, such as optimizing the microclimate, ensuring acoustic comfort, and visually zoning the space. The article formulates generalized principles for the development of floristics, enabling the application of sustainable and climate - adaptive solutions in interior design. The proposed comprehensive model can serve as a practical guideline for architects and designers.
TOG’AY TOQIMASINING REGENERATSIYALARI VA TRANSPLANTATSIYALARI
Ushbu maqola to'qimalarni qayta tiklash va transplantatsiya qilishning muhim masalasini ko'rib chiqadi. "Regeneratsiya" va "transplantatsiya" tushunchalari tibbiy nuqtai nazardan ko'rib chiqiladi, regeneratsiya va transplantatsiya turlari o'rganiladi. Maqolada inson a'zolari va to'qimalarining regeneratsiyasi va transplantatsiyasi asoslari tahlil qilinadi.
SEMIOTIC AND PSYCHOLOGICAL ANALYSIS OF NATIONAL PATTERNS AND FORMS IN THE DESIGN OF CHILDREN’S PLAYGROUNDS
This article examines the scientific and theoretical foundations of designing children’s playgrounds in the modern urban environment of Uzbekistan. The main objective of the research is to reveal, from a semiotic perspective, the influence of national patterns (girih and islimi) and geometric forms on children’s cognitive development, their psychophysiological state, and national identity. The article integrates the semiotics of applied art by academician S. Bulatov and the theory of geometric harmonization by M. Bulatov with Jean Piaget’s stages of cognitive development. Additionally, a methodology for optimizing national forms in design based on international safety standards (EN 1176, ISO 8124) is proposed.
MAKTABGACHA TA`LIMDA INKLYUZIV MUHITNI SHAKLLANTIRISHNING PSIXOLOGIK-PEDAGOGIK ASOSLARI
Ushbu maqolada mamlakatimizda joriy qilinayotgan yangi ta’lim tizimi ya’ni inklyuziv ta’lim tizimining takomillashuvi, va bu ta’lim tizimi maktabgacha ta’lim tashkilotlarida ham joriy qilinganligi, inklyuziv ta’lim tizimini rivojlantirish maqsadida yangi qaror va farmonlar qabul qilinib, vazifalar yuklatilganligi haqida so’z boradi.
ÓTKIR APPENDITSITNI DAVOLASHDA LAPAROSKOPIK OCHIQ APPENDEKTOMIYA USULLARINING QIYOSIY TAHLILI
Ushbu tezisda o‘tkir appenditsitni davolashda qo‘llaniladigan laparoskopik va ochiq appendektomiya usullarining qiyosiy tahlili keltirilgan. Laparoskopik appendektomiya kam invazivligi, operatsiyadan keyingi og‘riqning kamligi, bemorlarning tezroq tiklanishi va shifoxonada yotish muddatining qisqarishi bilan tavsiflanadi. Ochiq appendektomiya esa texnik jihatdan sodda bo‘lib, asoratlangan holatlarda keng qo‘llaniladi. Tezisda har ikki usulning afzallik va kamchiliklari, operatsiyadan keyingi asoratlar va davolash samaradorligi qiyosiy o‘rganilgan.
ZAMONAVIY TIBBIYOTDA AXBOROT TEXNOLOGIYALARINING AHAMIYATI
Ushbu maqolada zamonaviy tibbiyot sohasida axborot texnologiyalarining rivojlanish bosqichlari, o’rni va amaliy ahamiyati keng yoritilgan. Tibbiy axborot tizimlari, elektron sog‘liqni saqlash (e-health), telemeditsina, sun’iy intellekt va katta ma’lumotlar (big data) kabi yo‘nalishlarning tibbiyotdagi roli tahlil qilinadi. Shuningdek, axborot texnologiyalarining diagnostika, davolash, profilaktika va boshqaruv jarayonlariga ta’siri ochib beriladi.
ABU NASR FAROBIY TALQINIDA DAVLAT BOSHQARUVI VA RAHBAR MA’NAVIYATI MASALALARI
Mazkur maqolada Sharq Renessansining yirik namoyandasi Abu Nasr Farobiyning ilmiy merosi, xususan, uning davlat boshqaruvi va rahbar ma’naviyatiga oid qarashlari allomaning asarlari orqali tarixiy tahlilga olingan. Tadqiqotda o‘rta asr sharoitida davlat va uning vazifalari, rahbar ma’naviyatini belgilovchi mezonlar, adolatli boshqaruv masalalari yoritilgan.
O’ZBEKISTONDA MILLIY VALYUTANING QABUL QILINISHI.
Ushbu ilmiy maqola O‘zbekiston Respublikasining milliy valyutasi — so‘mning muomalaga kiritilish jarayonlari, uning mamlakat iqtisodiy mustaqilligini ta’minlashdagi strategik ahamiyati va tarixiy zaruriyatiga bag‘ishlangan. Maqolada so‘mning joriy etilishi natijasida yuzaga kelgan iqtisodiy o‘zgarishlar, milliy moliya tizimining shakllanish bosqichlari hamda inflyatsiyani jilovlashdagi o‘rni tahliliy ko‘rib chiqilgan. Shuningdek, milliy valyutaning tashqi iqtisodiy aloqalardagi roli, valyuta bozorini liberallashtirish bo‘yicha amalga oshirilayotgan islohotlar va ularning milliy iqtisodiyot barqarorligiga ta’siri ilmiy jihatdan asoslab berilgan.
KORRUPSIYAGA QARSHI KURASHDA HUQUQIY ISLOHOTLARNING AHAMIYATI
Ushbu maqolada zamonaviy davlat boshqaruvi tizimida korrupsiyaga qarshi kurashishning konseptual huquqiy asoslari va ularning amaliy ahamiyati tizimli ravishda tahlil qilinadi. Tadqiqotning dolzarbligi korrupsiyaning davlat iqtisodiy xavfsizligiga va qonun ustuvorligi tamoyiliga salbiy ta’siri bilan asoslanadi.Maqola doirasida O‘zbekiston Respublikasining so‘nggi yillardagi antikorrupsion qonunchiligi, xususan, "Manfaatlar to‘qnashuvi to‘g‘risida"gi hamda "Davlat xaridlari to‘g‘risida"gi qonunlarining huquqiy mexanizmlari qiyosiy o‘rganilgan. Muallif korrupsiyaga qarshi kurashishda faqat jazo choralarini qo‘llash emas, balki normativ-huquqiy hujjatlarning antikorrupsion ekspertizasi va "komplayens-nazorat" tizimini joriy etish orqali preventiv (oldini oluvchi) huquqiy muhit yaratish masalasiga alohida e’tibor qaratadi. Tadqiqot jarayonida BMTning Korrupsiyaga qarshi konvensiyasi normalarining milliy qonunchilikka implementatsiya qilinishi va xalqaro standartlarning o‘rni tahlil qilingan. Maqola yakunida korrupsiyani keltirib chiqaruvchi huquqiy bo‘shliqlarni bartaraf etish, davlat xizmatchilarining daromadlarini deklaratsiyalash tizimini takomillashtirish va sud hokimiyatining real mustaqilligini ta’minlash bo‘yicha ilmiy asoslangan taklif va tavsiyalar ilgari surilgan.
SUN’IY INTELLEKT YORDAMIDA TA’LIM SIFATINI OSHIRISH
sun’iy intellekt texnologiyalarining ta’lim jarayoniga integratsiyasi va uning ta’lim sifatini oshirishdagi o‘rni ilmiy jihatdan tahlil qilingan. Tadqiqotda sun’iy intellekt asosidagi o‘qitish tizimlari, individual yondashuvni ta’minlash imkoniyatlari hamda o‘quv jarayonini avtomatlashtirish mexanizmlari yoritilgan. Shuningdek, sun’iy intellekt yordamida bilimlarni baholash, o‘quvchilarning o‘zlashtirish darajasini monitoring qilish va ta’lim samaradorligini oshirish yo‘llari asoslab berilgan.
JANUKA BEK (YORMUXAMMAD)NING DENOV BEKLIGIDAGI FAOLIYATI VA UNING SIYOSIY KARYERASI BOSQICHLARI
Ushbu ilmiy maqola XVIII-XIX asrlarda Buxoro amirligi tarkibidagi Denov bekligini boshqargan Januka Bek (Yormukhammad)ning siyosiy faoliyati, uning beklik lavozimiga kelishidan oldin egallagan mansablari va Denov hududida amalga oshirgan islohotlarini tahlil qilishga bag'ishlangan. Tadqiqotda arxiv hujjatlari, tarixiy manbalar va zamonaviy ilmiy adabiyotlar asosida Januka Bekning hayot yo'li, uning ma'muriy faoliyati va mintaqaviy siyosatdagi o'rni o'rganilgan. Maqolada Buxoro amirligining ma'muriy boshqaruv tizimi, bekliklarning ijtimoiy-iqtisodiy ahamiyati va Januka Bek davrida Denovning rivojlanish tendensiyalari yoritilgan. Tadqiqot natijalari shuni ko'rsatadiki, Januka Bek nafaqat mahalliy hokim, balki markaziy hokimiyat bilan viloyatlar o'rtasidagi muhim aloqa vositasi sifatida ham faoliyat yuritgan.
YUQORI VOLTLI KABELLARNING IZOLYASIYASINING YEMIRILISHINI KAMAYTIRISH HISOBIGA ULARNING HIZMAT KO'RSATISH MUDDATINI OSHIRISH
Ushbu ilmiy maqola yuqori kuchlanishli elektr kabellarining, xususan, cross-linked polyethylene (XLPE) izolyatsiyasiga ega kabellarning ishlash jarayonida yuzaga keladigan degradatsiya mexanizmlarini tahlil qilishga bag‘ishlangan. Maqolada izolyatsiyaning yemirilishiga olib keluvchi asosiy omillar, jumladan, qisman razryadlar, daraxtsimon kanallarning (electrical treeing) shakllanishi, termik qarish va namlik ta’siri batafsil ko‘rib chiqilgan. Izolyatsiyaning buzilishini oldini olish va kabel tizimlarining xizmat ko‘rsatish muddatini uzaytirish bo‘yicha zamonaviy texnologik yechimlar, materialshunoslikdagi yangiliklar (nano-qo‘shimchalar, super-toza polimerlar) hamda diagnostika usullari (qisman razryadlarni onlayn monitoring qilish) tahlil qilingan.
PRINCIPLES OF APPLYING CLASSICAL AND NATIONAL HISTORICAL STYLES IN CONTEMPORARY INTERIOR DESIGN
This article explores the principles and methodological foundations for integrating classical and national historical styles into contemporary interior design. The relevance of the study is обусловлена the growing need to preserve local cultural identity within the context of global design trends. The research aims to identify scientifically grounded principles for adapting elements of historical styles to modern interior environments. To achieve this objective, comparative analysis, graphical-analytical methods, case study approaches, and design modeling techniques were employed. The results indicate three primary approaches to integrating historical elements: transformational integration (modification of form), stylization (preservation of decorative characteristics), and conceptual integration (based on underlying ideas and spatial principles). The study reveals that classical interiors are characterized by central symmetry and vertical dominance, whereas contemporary interiors tend to favor asymmetrical compositions and open-plan layouts. From an ergonomic perspective, the direct application of historical elements is not always optimal. Design-based findings demonstrate that successful integration can be achieved through the simplification of decorative elements, the preservation of material contrast, and the proper organization of spatial hierarchy. The scientific novelty of the study lies in the development of a three-stage structural model for integrating historical style elements. The practical significance is reflected in providing designers with methodological guidance for the harmonious application of classical and national motifs in modern interior environments.
MUHAMMAD YUSUF SHE’RIYATIDA SAMIMIYLIK VA BADIIY MAHORAT TALQINI(SHOIR TAVALLUDINING 72 YILLIGIGA BAG’ISHLANADI)
Ushbu maqolada O‘zbekiston xalq shoiri Muhammad Yusuf ijodining o‘zbek adabiyotidagi o‘rni, uning she’rlaridagi xalqchillik tamoyillari, o‘ziga xos samimiylik va badiiy uslubi tadqiq etiladi. Shoir asarlaridagi Vatan, ona va sevgi mavzularining lirik talqini qiyosiy tahlil qilinadi. Shuningdek, Muhammad Yusufning "Onajon" yoki "Iqror" she’ri va uning bugungi yosh avlod ma’naviy kamolotidagi ahamiyati ochib berilgan.
O‘QUVCHILARGA SUV NASOSLARI YORDAMIDA TOMCHILATIB SUG‘ORISH TEXNOLOGIYASINI O‘RGATISH
Tomchilatib sug'orish boshqa sug'orish usullarini qo`llash imkoni bo`lmaganda yoki samarasiz bo'lgan hollarda qo'llaniladi. Olingan hosilning hajmi va sifati namlik va oziqlanish rejimiga bog'liq bo'lgan hollarda ekinlarni, shu jumladan uzumzorlarni intensiv texnologiyalar bilan tomchilatib sug'orish tizimlaridan foydalanish juda samaralidir.
BIRINCHI VA IKKINCHI JAHON URUSHLARI ADABIYOTIDA URUSHNING BADIIY TALQINI VA UNING PSIXOLOGIK TA’SIRI
Ushbu maqola Birinchi va Ikkinchi jahon urushlariga oid adabiyotlarda urushning inson ruhiyatiga ko‘rsatgan ta’siri qanday ifodalanganini tahlil etadi. Unda, ayniqsa, travma, xotiraning izdan chiqishi, begonalashuv hamda shaxsiyatdagi o‘zgarishlar markaziy masalalar sifatida ko‘rib chiqiladi. Badiiy asarlarda urush faqat jismoniy voqelik emas, balki chuqur psixologik jarayon sifatida talqin qilinib, askarlar, tinch aholi va jamiyat hayotiga ta’siri keng yoritiladi. Erich Maria Remarque, Wilfred Owen, Virginia Woolf va Pat Barker singari mualliflarning asarlari orqali urush dahshatlarini boshdan kechirgan insonlarning ichki kechinmalari ochib beriladi. Fragmentar kompozitsiya, ong oqimi va vaqt tasviri kabi badiiy vositalar orqali urushning uzoq davom etuvchi ruhiy jarohatlari ifodalanadi. Maqolada tahlil qilingan asarlar urush adabiyoti faqat jang maydonini emas, balki travma, omon qolish va xotira bilan bog‘liq ichki dunyoni ham o‘rganishini ko‘rsatadi. Shuningdek, unda badiiy shaklning psixologik buzilishlarni aks ettirishdagi o‘rni yoritiladi.
TIL O‘RGANISHDA MOTIVATSIYA VA UNING TA’LIM SAMARADORLIGIGA TA’SIRI
Ushbu maqolada til o‘rganish jarayonida motivatsiyaning o‘rni va uning ta’lim samaradorligiga ta’siri tahlil qilinadi. Ichki va tashqi motivatsiyaning o‘quvchilarning til ko‘nikmalarini shakllantirishdagi ahamiyati yoritiladi. Shuningdek, raqamli texnologiyalar, onlayn platformalar, gamifikatsiya, sun’iy intellekt va interaktiv vositalarning o‘quvchilar motivatsiyasini oshirishdagi roli ko‘rib chiqiladi. Maqolada motivatsiyani baholash usullari, o‘quv samaradorligini aniqlash mezonlari hamda til o‘qitish jarayonida qo‘llash mumkin bo‘lgan metodik tavsiyalar bayon etiladi. Tadqiqot natijalari til o‘rganishda motivatsiyani kuchaytirish o‘quvchilarning faol ishtiroki, mustaqil ishlashi va til materiallarini tezroq o‘zlashtirishiga xizmat qilishini ko‘rsatadi.