INTEGRATED PROGNOSTIC MODELING OF PREGNANCY OUTCOMES IN FIRST-TRIMESTER RETROCHORIAL HEMATOMA

Abstract

Retrochorial hematoma remains one of the most frequent ultrasound findings during the first trimester and is commonly associated with clinical signs of threatened miscarriage. Although many pregnancies progress without complications, the presence of this condition significantly increases the risks of spontaneous abortion, placental insufficiency, preterm delivery, and fetal growth restriction. The absence of standardized prognostic algorithms highlights the need for a multidimensional approach that incorporates clinical presentation, ultrasound characteristics, and laboratory biomarkers to improve risk stratification.