QUMLAR OSTIDAGI TARIX: TERMIZ ARXEOLOGIYASI VA UNUTILGAN TAMADDUNLAR
Keywords:
Termiz, qadimgi Termiz, arxeologiya, Baqtriya, Kampirtepa, Fayoztepa, Qoratepa, Kushon davri, buddizm, Buyuk ipak yo‘li, sopol buyumlar, moddiy madaniyat, arxeologik meros.Abstract
Ushbu maqolada O‘zbekiston janubidagi qadimgi Termiz hududidagi arxeologik yodgorliklar, ularning tarixiy-madaniy ahamiyati hamda arxeologik ma’lumotlar asosida qadimgi va o‘rta asrlar jamiyatidagi ijtimoiy-iqtisodiy va madaniy rivojlanish jarayonlari tahlil qilinadi. Tadqiqotning asosiy ob’ektlari — qadimgi Termiz, Kampirtepa, Fayoztepa va Qoratepa yodgorliklaridir. Arxeologik topilmalar, me’moriy qoldiqlar, sopol buyumlar, numizmatik va epigrafik materiallar hamda buddist yodgorliklari Termizning Baqtriya, Ellinistik dunyo, Kushon imperiyasi va keyingi davr Islom sivilizatsiyasi bilan o‘zaro aloqalarini anglashda muhim manbalar sifatida o‘rganiladi.
Termizning arxeologik merosi nafaqat mahalliy tarixni o‘rganish, balki Markaziy Osiyoda urbanizatsiya, savdo, diniy o‘zaro ta’sir va madaniy sintez jarayonlarini tadqiq etishda ham muhim ahamiyatga ega ekanligi ta’kidlanadi. Arxeologik yodgorliklarni saqlash, konservatsiya qilish va raqamli hujjatlashtirish masalalariga alohida e’tibor qaratiladi.[1]
- [1] Leriche P., Pidaev Sh. Termez in Antiquity // After Alexander: Central Asia before Islam. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2007. P. 178–211. DOI: 10.5871/bacad/9780197263846.003.0009.
References
Leriche P., Pidaev Sh. Termez in Antiquity // After Alexander: Central Asia before Islam. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2007. P. 178–211. DOI: 10.5871/bacad/9780197263846.003.0009.
Martínez Ferreras V., Gurt Esparraguera J.M., Hein A., Pidaev S., Rtveladze E.V., Bolelov S.B. Tableware in the Hellenistic Tradition from the City of Kampyr Tepe in Ancient Bactria (Uzbekistan) // Archaeometry. 2016. Vol. 58. P. 736–764. DOI: 10.1111/arcm.12199.
Martínez Ferreras V., Angourakis A., Hein A., Aulinas Juncà M., Garcia-Vallès M., Gurt Esparraguera J.M., Ariño Gil E., Sánchez del Corral A., Pidaev S.R. Assessing Hellenistic to Nomadic Cultural Patterns through Pottery in Ancient Termez, Uzbekistan // Geoarchaeology. 2019. Vol. 34. P. 540–564. DOI: 10.1002/gea.21714. (DOI)
Fusaro A., Gurt Esparraguera J.M., Ariño Gil E., Uribe Agudo P., Angás Pajas J., Pidaev Sh.R. Islamic Ancient Termez: An Active and Long-Established Ceramic Manufacturing Centre along the Silk Road // Archaeological Research in Asia. 2022. Vol. 31. Article 100375. DOI: 10.1016/j.ara.2022.100375. (ScienceDirect)
Portero R., Ariño E., Elorza M., Gurt J.M., Martínez Ferreras V., Pidaev S.R. Zooarchaeology of Ancient Termez (Uzbekistan): From the Greco-Bactrian Period to Islamic Times // Archaeological Research in Asia. 2022. Vol. 31. Article 100384. DOI: 10.1016/j.ara.2022.100384. (ScienceDirect)
Gurt Esparraguera J.M., Ariño Gil E., Martínez Ferreras V., Pidaev S.R. The Buddhist Occupation of Tchingiz Tepe (Termez, Uzbekistan) in the Kushan Period through the Ceramic Contexts // Archaeological Research in Asia. 2015. Vol. 3. P. 19–33. (Университет Брунеля)
Martínez Ferreras V., Ariño Gil E., Gurt Esparraguera J.M., Pidaev S.R. The Enclosure of Tchingiz Tepe (Ancient Termez, Uzbekistan) during the Kushan and Kushan-Sassanian Periods: Archaeological Stratigraphy and 14C Dating Analyses // Iranica Antiqua. 2014. Vol. 49. P. 413–474. (Университет Брунеля)
Tsantini E., Martínez Ferreras V., Ariño Gil E., Gurt Esparraguera J.M., Pidaev S.R. Pottery Production in the Buddhist Communities in Central Asia: The Kushan-Sassanian Pottery Workshop of Kara Tepe (Termez, Uzbekistan) // Archaeometry. 2016. Vol. 58. P. 35–56. DOI: 10.1111/arcm.12161.
Fusaro A., Martínez Ferreras V., Gurt Esparraguera J.M., Angourakis A., Pidaev S.R., Baratova L. Islamic Pottery from Ancient Termez (Uzbekistan): New Archaeological and Archaeometric Data // Archéosciences. Revue d’Archéométrie. 2019. Vol. 43, No. 2. P. 249–264. DOI: 10.4000/archeosciences.7077. (Университет Брунеля)
Martínez Ferreras V., Fusaro A., Gurt Esparraguera J.M., Ariño Gil E., Pidaev S.R., Angourakis A. The Islamic Ancient Termez Through the Lens of Ceramics: A New Archaeological and Archaeometric Study // Iran. 2020. Vol. 58, No. 2. P. 250–278. DOI: 10.1080/05786967.2019.1572430. (Университет Брунеля)
Molera J., Martínez Ferreras V., Fusaro A., Gurt Esparraguera J.M., Gaudenzi M., Pidaev Sh., Pradell T. Islamic Glazed Wares from Ancient Termez (Southern Uzbekistan): Raw Materials and Techniques // Journal of Archaeological Science: Reports. 2020. Vol. 29. Article 102169.
Portero R., Fusaro A., Piqué R., Gurt Esparraguera J.M., Elorza M., Gabriel S., Pidaev S.R. The Environment in the Islamic City of Termez (Uzbekistan): Zooarchaeology and Anthracology of a 9th-Century Tannur // Journal of Islamic Archaeology.
